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Most electrical energy in the US is derived from the combustion of fossil fuels. Research within EECS at MIT aims to increase the efficiency of electrical energy generation and shift to renewable sources such as wind or solar.
For information on specific research areas, see:
Thermoelectrics | Solar Photovoltaics | Thermophotovoltaics | Turbine projects | Micro Energy Harvesters | Storage
Fig. 2. Approximately 72% of electricity within the US is derived directly from the consumption of fossil fuels. Data from the Energy Information Agency, "Annual Energy Review 2006," Report No. DOE/EIA-0384(2006): http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/aer/contents.html and "Annual Energy Outlook 2007," Report No. DOE/EIA- 0383(2007): http://www.eia.doe.gov/oiaf/aeo/index.html.